According to these well-grounded studies, it is possible to conclude that corruption is one of significant Africa’s burdens with an endemic character. Abu and Staniewski’s (2019) research clearly shows that bribery is closely connected with many aspects of the country’s functioning: state of the economy, size of military expenditures and rent, and civil liberties. This widespread phenomenon complicates the lives of African residents: it causes low economic development and business collapse.
There are several reasons that explain the strong positions of corruption. Firstly, as Budhram and Geldenhuys (2018) conclude, it is insufficiently thought out the role players’ performance fighting against bribery: the success of these agencies in Africa is pretty lower than in countries of other continents. The corrupted culture has penetrated almost all state levels; it does not neglect even minor organizations (Turyakira, 2018). Secondly, corruption is partly caused due to regular violation of business ethics’ norms (Galperin et al., 2020). Thus, these studies focusing on the factors contributing to corruption’s development help understand how to fight it.
Although corruption in Africa seems powerful, it would be wrong to think that it is irresistible. According to Onwujekwe et al. (2020), the well-structured approach involving the participation of representatives of different agencies can help defeat or at least weaken it. All these precise studies fit each other and describe Africa’s state from different sides, contributing to finding the potential ways to improve its economy.
The Coding Scheme
This coding scheme focuses on five pieces of evidence and consists of three parts: the evidence, its code, and its description. The code is developed according to the authors’ initials and the year of publication of the work, based on which the evidence is formulated. All studies are closely connected due to the common theme: they describe the manifestations of corruption but do it from different sides. Due to this scheme, it becomes possible to quickly find the necessary data and not to reread all works to obtain the required information. Therefore, the codes help conduct research and achieve its primary goals.
References
Abu, N., & Staniewski, M. (2019). Determinants of corruption in Nigeria: Evidence from various estimation techniques. Economic research-Ekonomska istraživanja, 32(1), 3052-3076.
Budhram, T., & Geldenhuys, N. (2018). Combating corruption in South Africa: Assessing the performance of investigating and prosecuting agencies. Acta Criminologica: African Journal of Criminology & Victimology, 31(2), 23-46.
Galperin, B. L., Enueme, C. F., & Dixon, D. P. (2020). Pay the bribe or take the high road: Dilemma of a young female Tanzanian entrepreneur. The CASE Journal, 16(1), 75-96.
Onwujekwe, O., Orjiakor, C. T., Hutchinson, E., McKee, M., Agwu, P., Mbachu, C.,… & Balabanova, D. (2020). Where do we start: Building consensus on drivers of health sector corruption in Nigeria and ways to address it. International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 9(7), 286.
Turyakira, P. K. (2018). Ethical practices of small and medium-sized enterprises in developing countries: Literature analysis. South African Journal of Economic and Management Sciences, 21(1), 1-7.