Introduction
A distinctive feature of America’s judiciary institution from those in other countries is its duality. It is divided into two sub-systems: state and federal courts. Each of them has the same stepped structure consisting of trial, appellate, and last resort courts. State courts deal with cases of a precedential nature, and they hear all types of lawsuits.
Discussion
Moreover, this category serves as a counterbalance to the national judiciary of the United States (US) and protects local laws from the potential tyranny of the national government. Federal courts mainly deal with precedents and unique cases, also known as federal questions. They also have the right to consider civil and criminal cases but deal primarily with the first group statistically. They can hear interstate and international lawsuits or, simply put, disputes between an American and a foreigner.
About Problem-Solving Courts and Their Role
Problem-solving courts are an innovation in the American judicial system relative to its other systemic elements. It was designed as a solution for instances when a prompt hearing is needed, but a lawsuit cannot achieve litigation due to constant congestion in the civil and national courts. This sub-structure deals with what can be called semi-legal semi-criminal cases, namely situations involving, for example, substance misuse, family affairs, legal violations, and mental illnesses. They aim to provide both parties with treatment, therapy, social rehabilitation, and reintegration.
Conclusion
This system significantly facilitates the functioning of the rest of the judicial system and reduces the overload of correctional institutions. They have an incredibly positive impact on the institutional sustainability of communities. Moreover, they create a positive image of the American courts, which many US citizens do not trust and consider biased in their verdicts.